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Students are required to answer TWO questions, ONE question from PART A and ONE question from PART B.
VALUE: The examination is worth 30% of the Final Grade. Both Part A and Part B are of equal value or 15% of the Final Grade.
Each answer should be between 750-1250 words or 3-4 pages double-spaced. In total the examination cannot exceed 8 typed double-spaced pages, excluding a title page.
Extra research is not required. To answer the questions, students should rely on their lecture notes from the recordings and the textbook, Conrad, Margaret et al., History of the Canadian Peoples Volume 1 Beginnings to 1867 (7th edition).
Notes and a bibliography are NOT NECESSARY. The purpose of the Exam is to test your knowledge of Canadian history and your ability to analyze the major historical issues of the Pre-Confederation era.
DUE: Wednesday December 16, 2020 by 11:59 p.m. through the D2L Dropbox. This deadline is firm.
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PART A: Answer ONE of the following questions #1 – #5.
- What aspect of Canadian history for the period from before contact until 1791 surprised you the most? Why?
N.B. This question should be answered in the form of a personal reflection and your surprise can be in either a good way or a disappointing way.
- Despite the destruction of Huronia, in 1649, it is incorrect to write about contact between Natives and Newcomers as one of rapid or inevitable defeat of the Indigenous people. Instead, Europeans were heavily reliant on the First Nations. The relationship between Natives and Newcomer Europeans in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was one of mutual dependence. Discuss in relation to the fur trade.
- What were the unique or distinctive features of New France? Was New France primarily a North American frontier society or was it an extension or fragment of France?
- Inevitability rarely, if ever, occurs in history. Discuss in relation to the either the deportation of the Acadians in 1755 OR the conquest of New France in 1759-60.
- After Britain conquered New France, it was faced with the challenge of governing a colony inhabited by French-speaking people of the Catholic faith. Account for the changes in British policy toward Quebec and French Canadians between the period 1760 and 1791?
PART B: Answer one of the following questions #6 – #12.
- Write your own question about what you think is the most important event or development during the period 1791- 1867 in Canadian history. Answer it.
You will be graded for the appropriateness and sophistication of the question you pose as well as your ability to answer it in a comprehensive fashion.
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- The outcome of contact between Indigenous people and Europeans was tragically similar throughout British North American society in the nineteenth century– marginalization, or worse, destruction. Discuss in relation to one of the following: a) Nova Scotia between 1820-1867; OR b) Upper Canada/Canada West between 1812-1867; OR c) Vancouver Island/British Columbia in the 1850s – 1860s.
- What impact did the coming of the Loyalists have upon British North American society?
- What were the causes of the Rebellions of 1837-38 in Upper and Lower Canada? What was Lord Durham’s assessment of the situation in the British North American colonies? What recommendations did he make for reform and what was his reasoning for these recommendations?
- Account for the coming of “responsible government” in the 1840s. Did it change relations between French-speaking and English-speaking Canadians?
- Between the 1790s and the 1860s, the North West was being changed by the arrival of the fur trader and then the settler from the British Isles and Canada. What impact did this colonization have upon the Metis peoples of the North West?
- What were the causes of Confederation? What did Cartier mean when he said Canada was a “political nationality”?
